I’ve been reading Dan Dennett’s book “Breaking the Spell” on and off this last month. It’s given me a new perspective on religion and the religious experience that I had not sufficiently appreciated before. (Dennett’s style is different to Richard Dawkins and Sam Harris in that he tries less to expose the logical inconsistencies of religion and more to understand why people would carry out such devotion to a deity or deities. It’s a challenging book for religous people, but not necessarily an offensive one).
So here’s my take. Religion thrives because it fits many of our basic human desires like a custom-made glove. Our desire for understanding the world around us. Our desire for protection in an uncertain world. Our desire for hope, despite all that might happen to us. Our desire to be thought of as special. Our desire to make an impact in someone else’s life. Religion has co-evolved with us, becoming more sophisticated as our culture has developed. It provides the feedback mechanisms many of us so desperately crave for. It has a flexibility inherent in it, so that different people will find answers that suit their specific preferences, cultures and ages.
In the end, maybe it’s all about love. People are inspired to do great things because of love. Love is all about abandoning one’s critical faculties, about commitment to someone or something, about sacrifice in the face of something bigger than oneself. Viewed from the outside it makes little sense, but for the person affected it’s a wonderful, uplifting, comforting experience. Love is vulnerable to manipulation, and in the extreme, people can be motivated to carry out the most appalling acts because of love. Love is blind, as they say.
Many commentators focus on the fear factor: the “believe this or else” sentiment. The “do that and you’ll go to Hell” sentiment. They assume that this is core to the religious experience. I’m not so sure. I think it might be more peripheral. I would even go to the extent that if people believe in a god purely because they are afraid of the consequences of not believing, then they haven’t quite grasped the religious experience. They may not even be religious at all. Telling someone that there are grave consequences to a simple transgression is far too ephemeral a reason on which to base a complete belief system. Our large prison population, for example, tells us that fear of getting sent down is a poor motive in preventing crime. So why should it be more successful in the case of belief? Fear, within the religious context, seems to be something that has more to do with organisational control than with religious belief. Religion plus fear is a powerful (and potentially destructive) force, but religion itself is not about fear.
These are my thoughts on the subject for what they are worth. I’d love to hear from you on this.
There’s another fear aspect: fear of death. Not fear of hell, but just fear that death is actually the end, and the wish that it wouldn’t be. This also ties in with hope that people you know who have died are not gone. I don’t know how significant a factor this is though. Difficult to say really. I agree though that the social aspects you describe are surely important too.
Another aspect, if I may: You said that one of the drivers is “our desire for understanding the world around us…”. I think that is very important. Such desire is unfortunatelly not fully satisfied by science, no matter how much scientists, for most part, convinced themselves that they have all the answers. For example, I don’t think that scientists will ever be able to explain human ability to understand abstract, such as music and arts.
Naturally, many people will seek (and find) answers in abstract world of religions.
Thanks Dan, I agree that providing answers to some of our most fundamental questions is a significant question. Does it make religion qualitatively different in a way that love of nation, or love of another person does not succeed at? This doesn’t make religions right, of course, only that they tend to provide digestable answers that fit with people’s inner desires.
Hi Joe, I agree that the desire to understand the world is not fully satisfied by science – and an example would be a complete understanding of the brain, or how pathogens like Alzheimers disease spread. Actually there are millions of unresolved questions like this. To say that they have all the answers today is not necessarily a claim that scientists (in the main) will make. It would be very foolish for anyone to make such a claim. But, I think many scientists would be willing to believe that the answers are out there and are possible to resolve given sufficient time, resources, and access to the right technologies. For all its flaws, I think science is better prepared to find answers to the big questions than religion could ever be.
Oh sure, I agree. It’s just that sufficient time, resources and access to the right technolies is not all it takes – it also takes open mind and “out of the box” thinking, especially dealing with problems, questions and paradoxes such as those presented by research in field of quantum physics. You have to admit (like, for example, Schroedinger and even Einstein did) that in order to reach some level of understanding, one have to go way beyond dry science and into realm of philosophy and – yes – maybe even a religion (remember the Dancing Wu-Li Masters? 🙂
Schroedinger’s Cat
Anyway, I was just attempting to add another possible reason for why people find religions attractive.
Yes – I agree. The sources for understanding the world can be numerous, and particularly with quantum mechanics you are dealing with a very strange (but yet uncannily accurate) fish..
Scientists can (and should) get their sources from anywhere, including religions. Good science is that strange relationship between creativity and logic after all. In fact, good “anything” should be a mixture of creativity and logic – why not?
Hi, I loved reading this post! And you also have a great blog! – I came across it today. I’m a new blogger and would love it if you’d check out my recent post: http://tannideb.wordpress.com/2011/09/12/choosing-religion-faith-beliefs-over-love/
Thanks!